ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING BCS (WRITTEN) SYLLABUS: Subject Code 891

SYLLABUS FOR BCS (WRITTEN) EXAMINATION 

বিসিএস লিখিত সিলেবাস  ইলেকট্রিক্যাল ইঞ্জিনিয়ারিং

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (POST RELATED) 

Subject Code: 891, Total Marks-200 

Part-I, Marks-100

1. Electrical Circuits: 

Circuit variables and elements: Voltage, current, power, energy, independent and dependent sources, resistance. Basic laws: Ohm’s law, Kirchoff’s current and voltage laws. Simple resistive circuits: Series and parallel circuits, voltage and current division, wye-delta transformation. Techniques of circuit analysis: Nodal and mesh analysis including super-node and super-mesh. Network theorems: Source transformation, Thevenin’s Norton’s and super-position theorems with application in circuits having independent and dependent sources, maximum power transfer condition and reciprocity theorem. Energy storage elements: Inductors and capacitors, series parallel combination of inductors and capacitors. Responses of RL and RC circuits: Natural and step responses. 

Sinusoidal functions: Instantaneous current, voltage, power, effective current and voltage, average power, phasors and complex quantities, impedance, real and reactive power, power factor. Analysis of single phase ac circuits: Series and parallel RL, RL and RLC circuits, nodal and mesh analysis, application of network theorems in ac circuits, circuits with non-sinusoidal excitations, transients in ac circuits, passive filters. Resonance in ac circuits: Series and parallel resonance, Magnetically coupled circuits. Analysis of three phase circuits: Three phase supply, balanced and unbalanced circuits, power calculation. 

2. Electrical Machines:  

Transformer: Ideal transformer-transformation ratio, no-load and load vector diagrams: actual transformer-equivalent circuit, regulation, short circuit and open circuit tests. Three phase induction motor: Rotating magnetic field, equivalent circuit, vector diagram, torque-speed characteristics, effect of changing rotor power, no-load test, blocked rotor test, starting and braking and speed control. Single phase induction motor: Theory of operation, equivalent circuit and starting. 

Synchronous Generator: Excitation systems, equivalent circuit, vector diagrams at different loads, factors affecting voltage regulation, synchronous impedance, synchronous impedance method of predicting voltage regulation and its limitation. Parallel operation: Necessary conditions, synchronizing, circulating current and vector diagram. Synchronous motor: Operation, effect of loading under different excitation condition, effect of changing excitation, V-curves and starting. DC generator: Types, no-load-voltage characteristic, effect of speed on no-load and load characteristics and voltage regulation. DC motor: Torque, counter emf, speed to-que-speed characteristics, starting and speed regulation. Introduction to wind turbine generators Construction and basic characteristics of solar cells. 

3. Electronics: 

P-N junction as a circuit element: Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, operational principle of p-n junction diode. Diode circuits: Half wave and full wave rectifiers, rectifiers with filter capacitor, characteristics of a zener diode, zener shunt regulator, clamping and clipping circuits. Bipolar junction transistor(BJT) as a circuit element: Bipolar junction transistor, current components, BJT characteristics and regions of operation, BJT as and amplifier, biasing the BJT for discrete circuits, small signal equivalent circuit modes, BJT as a switch, Single stage mid-band frequency BJT amplifier circuits. Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor (MOSFET) as circuit element:  Structure and physical operation of an enhancement MOSFET, threshold voltage, current-voltage characteristics of an enhancement MOSFET, biasing discrete and integrated MOS amplifier circuits, single-stage MOS amplifiers, MOSFET as a switch, CMOS inverter. 

Single-stage and cascade amplifiers, frequency response of differential amplifiers. Operational amplifiers (Op-Amp): Noninverting and inverting amplifiers, inverting integrators, differentiator, weighted summer and other applications of Op-Amp circuits. Negative feedback: properties, basic topologies, feedback amplifiers with different topologies, stability, frequency compensation. 

Basic logic functions, Boolean algebra, combinational logic design, minimization of combinational logic. Sequential circuits: different types of latches, flip-flops and their design using ASM approach, timing analysis and power optimization of sequential circuits. Modular sequential logic circuit design: Shift registers, counters and their applications. 

BJT, MOSFET, SCR, IGBT, BTO, TRIAC, UJT and DIAC. Rectifiers: Uncontrolled and controlled single phase and three phase. Regulated power supplies: Linear-series and shunt, switching buck, buck boost, boost and Cuk regulators. AC voltage controllers: single and three phase, Choppers. CD motor control, single phase cycloconverter. Inverters: Single phase and three phase voltage and current source, AC motor control. Stepper motor control, Resonance inverters, Pulse width modulation control of static converters. 

Part-2, Marks-100

1. Power Systems: 

Network representation: Single line and reactance diagram of power system and per unit. Line representation: Equivalent circuit of short, medium and long lines. Load flow: Gauss-Siedel and Newton Raphson Methods. Power flow control: Tap changing transformer, phase shifting, booster and regulation transformer and shunt capacitor. Fault analysis: Short circuit current and reactance of a synchronous machine. Symmetrical fault calculation methods: Symmetrical components, sequence networks and unsymmetrical fault calculation. Protection: Introduction to relays, differential protection and distance protection Introduction to circuit breakers, Typical layout of a substation. Load curves: Demand factor, diversity factor, load duration curves, energy load curve, load factor, capacity factor and plant factor. 

Transmission lines cables: 

Overhead and underground. Stability: swing equation, power angle equation, equal area criterion, multi-machine system, step by step solution of swing equation. Factors affecting stability, Reactive power compensation. Flexible ac transmission system (FACTS). High voltage de transmission system. Power quality: harmonics, sag and swell. 

Power plants: 

General layout and principles, steam turbine, gas turbine, gas turbine, combined cycle gas turbine, hydro and nuclear. Power plant instrumentation. Selection of location: Technical, economical and environmental factors. Load forecasting. Generation scheduling: Deterministic and probabilistic. Electricity tariff: formulation and types. 

Telecommunication Systems: 

Communication systems: Basic principles, fundamental elements, system limitations, message source, bandwidth requirements, transmission media types, bandwidth and transmission capacity. Noise: Source, characteristics of various types of noise and signal to noise ratio. Information theory: Measure of information, source encoding, error free communication over a noisy channel, channel capacity of a continuous system and channel capacity of a discrete memory less system. Communication Systems: Analog and digital. continuous wave modulation: Transmission types, base-band transmission, carrier transmission; Amplitude modulation: Introduction, double side band, single side band, vestigial side band, quadrature; spectral analysis of each type, envelope and synchronous detection; Angle modulation-instantaneous frequency, frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM), spectral analysis, demodulation of FM and PM. Pulse modulation: Sampling-sampling theorem, Nyquist criterion, aliasing, instantaneous and natural sampling; pulse amplitude modulation-principle, bandwidth requirements; Pulse code modulation (PCM) : quantization principle , quantization noise, non-uniform quantization, signal to quantization error ratio, differential PCM, demodulation of PCM; Delta modulation (DM) : Principle, adaptive DM; line coding-formats and bandwidths. Digital modulation: Amplitude-shift keying-principle, ON-OFF keying, bandwidth requirements, detection, noise performance; Phase-shift keying (PSK): Principle, bandwidth requirements, detection, differential PSK, quadrature PSK. noise performance; Frequency-shift keying (FSK) : Principle, continuous and discontinuous phase FSK, minimum0-shift keying, bandwidth requirements , detection of FSK.  

Multiplexing time: 

Division multiplexing (TDM) principle, receiver synchronization, frame synchronization, TDM of multiple bit rate systems; frequency-division multiplexing: Principle, de-multiplexing; wavelength-division multiplexing, multiple –access network-time-division multiple-access, frequency-division multiple access; code-division multiple-access (CDMA): Spread spectrum multiplexing, coding techniques and constraints of CDMA. Communication system design: design parameters, channel selection criteria and performance simulation. 

Mobile Cellular Telephone: 

Concept, evolution and fundamentals. Analog and digital cellular systems. Cellular Radio System; Frequency reuse, co-channel interference, cell splitting and components. Mobile radio propagation: Propagation characteristics, models for radio propagation antenna at cell site and mobile antenna, Frequency management and Channel Assignment; Fundamentals spectrum utilization, fundamentals of channel assignment, fixed channel assignment, non-fixed channel assignment, traffic and channel assignment. Handoffs and Dropped calls: Reasons and types, forced-handoffs, mobile assisted handoffs and dropped call rate. Diversity Techniques: Concept of diversity branch and signal paths, carrier to noise and carrier to interference ration performance. Digital cellular systems: Global system for mobile, time division multiple access and code division multiple access.